GREEN HYDROGEN IN THE SHORT TERM, ...., HOW TO ACHIEVE IT?

 

THE GOAL

It is a desire of the international community to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in line with societal climate goals as much as possible; therefore, given its high volumes of emissions, the world industry is currently facing great challenges to adapt to this global clamour.





THE CHALLENGE

But how big is the challenge facing humanity? In accordance with the United Nations Organization, which promulgated The Sustainable Development Goals (Video https://youtu.be/0XTBYMfZyrM) established Climate Actions as the GOAL 13, declaring: The world must transform its energy, industry, transport, food, agriculture and forestry systems to ensure that we can limit global temperature rise to well below 2°C.



LNOB (un.org)


One of the problems facing this GOAL 13 is that an increase in global energy demand of between 25 and 30% is expected until 2040, which would mean an increase in CO2 emissions for economies dependent on coal and oil, thus nullifying all actions and efforts aimed at mitigating climate change.


THE OPTIONS

Knowing the solution, it seems that it is easy to respond to the problem, since it is enough then: to substantially increase electricity generated from renewable sources; and the replacement of fossil fuels in sectors with a high carbon footprint, such as transport, by new means of propulsion.




One of the strategies that we have on the planet for such purposes is the use of Hydrogen, but for its use to meet the required specifications, it must be produced through the use of renewable energy, which is then classified as Green Hydrogen.


GREEN HYDROGEN

To recap, we have to lower our carbon footprint, and one of the fastest ways to do it is by substituting fossil fuels for Green Hydrogen ,…, But how fast can we achieve that?

As mentioned, Green Hydrogen requires that it be produced through the use of electricity generated from renewable sources, and the impact of electricity on its production cost is currently in the range of 60-70%.




It is certainly noticeable that the cost of electricity is a fundamental factor in the economic viability of Green Hydrogen, which is even more important during the amortization period of the Capex required for the construction of Green Hydrogen production infrastructures, whose demand is projected in the order of more than 500 million tons per year by 2050.



CLEAN ENERGY FOR GREEN HYDROGEN

To generate the electricity that allows us to produce Green Hydrogen, we mainly have three ways, photovoltaic, wind and hydraulic energy, which are briefly evaluated below.

  • Currently, the electricity generated by solar and wind energy still suffers from high storage costs; therefore, by not being able to supply 24/7/365 power to continuously generate Green Hydrogen, these energies lead to a low use of the invested Capex, or high investments in storage systems.
  • Hydroelectricity allows the continuous and uninterrupted production of Green Hydrogen, thus allowing greater optimization of Capex, and increasing economic profitability.




CONCLUSIONS

  • It is necessary to substantially increase the production of Green Hydrogen and its derivatives.

  • The optimal energy source to increase the production of Green Hydrogen in the short term is Hydroelectricity.

  • The construction of infrastructures for the production of Green Hydrogen should be oriented towards places that immediately have Hydroelectric Energy.

  • In addition to the immediate availability of Hydroelectric Power, the possession of iron ore and bauxite reserves for the use of part of the Green Hydrogen in the certification of Green Iron and Steel and Green Aluminium, are an additional factor to consider in the evaluation of potentials sites for the production of Green Hydrogen.

  • Venezuela, which has Hydroelectric Energy available and at competitive prices, vast reserves of iron ore and bauxite, as well as high potential for the generation of solar and wind energy, offers ideal conditions for the production of Green Hydrogen and its derivatives.




Dr. Jesús Imery

PhD Engineering and Materials Science (Imperial College, London)

Email: jesus.imery@alprotes.com

Email: alprotes@alprotes.com

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-jesus-imery





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